Gastric and intestinal proteases resistance of chicken acidic chitinase nominates chitin-containing organisms for alternative whole edible diets for poultry.

Chitin, a polymer of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), serves as a key structural component of crustaceans, insects and fungi and is a polysaccharide second most abundant in nature. Although chitin-containing organism has been suggested as a source of novel Chicken Clia Kits animal feed, chitin has long been regarded as indigestible fiber in the animal body. 

More recently, we reported that the acidic chitinase (Chia) is the main glycosidase protease resistant rat gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and digest chitin in rat stomach. However, the physiological role of Chia in other animals including poultry still unknown. Here, we report that Chia can function as digestive enzymes that break down chitin-containing organism chicken GIT. Chia mRNA is mainly expressed in the glandular stomach tissue in normal chickens. 

We also showed that chicken Chia has chitinolytic strong activity at pH 2.0 and very resistant to proteolysis by pepsin and trypsin / chymotrypsin under conditions mimic the GIT. Chia degraded shell mealworm larvae in the presence of protease digestion and produced (GlcNAc) 2. Thus, the functional similarities Chia chicken with mice showed that the enzyme chitin-containing organisms could be used for alternative poultry diet not only as a source of all edible but also as enhancing the nutritional value they.

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a severe disease <em> Chicken </ em> and turkeys caused by some strains of Clostridium perfringens type A. The disease is also controlled by the use of antibiotic growth promoters in-ate (AGPS). However, because the worldwide public and regulatory pressure to reduce the use of AGPS between <em> alia </ em>, there is an urgent need to develop non-antibiotic-based preventive measures. Vaccination will be size appropriate controls, but currently there is no commercial vaccine. Netb (necrotic enteritis-like toxin B) is a pore-forming toxin produced by C. perfringens has been reported as an important virulence factor in the pathogenesis of NE.

This study examined the non-virulent strain of C. perfringens producing netb (nvNetB +), with or without supporting material, as a live oral vaccine. Adjuvant used is Gel 01 ™, cholera toxin (CT), Escherichia coli heat-labile species of wild holotoxin (LT) and mutant http://bmp-5.com/ E. coli LT (dmLT) (R192G / L211A). Some vaccine administration regime tested. All vaccination regimes induce serum and mucosal antibody responses and alpha toxin secreted proteins from both nvNetB + and positive netb highly virulent (vvNetB +) strains (p <0.0001 to p <0.05). In some groups vaccinated, there is a mild intestinal pathology in disease challenge