Baicalin Attenuates Mycoplasma gallisepticum-Induced Inflammation via Inhibition of the TLR2-NF-κB Pathway in Chicken and DF-1 Cells.

Background

A report earlier showed that baicalin has anti-inflammatory potential. This study was conducted to determine the effect of baicalin on inflammatory responses in chickens and DF-1 cells infected with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG).

method

Model MG infection in chickens developed to study Simian Clia Kitsthe anti-inflammatory mechanism of baicalin. Baicalin mixed in water at a dose of 450 mg / kg per day, and the treatment was continued for 7 days in a row. Samples were taken at 1, 4, and 7 days post-treatment.

result

By using a transmission electron microscope, the ultrastructure of cells of the lungs and trachea have been examined. It can be seen that the cells cilia on MG-infected group has piknosis, degeneration and necrosis. In lung tissue, the type-I alveolar epithelial cells were severely damaged. In baicalin-treated group, cilia swelling, edema mushroom-shaped bubbles form on the top, and fused together. Type I alveolar epithelial cell injury is significantly reduced. Compared with MG-infection group, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were significantly decreased (P <0.01). TLR2 appropriate protein and P-p65 decreased in baicalin-treated group after 1 (p> 0.05), 4 (p <0.05), and 7 days (p <0.05), respectively.

Conclusion

The results showed that baicalin can interfere with inflammatory injury by suppressing the release of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α for MG infection both in vivo and in vitro. Meanwhile, baicalin suppressed NF TLR2 signaling pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p65 and IκB, thereby affecting the expression of inflammatory factors. The results showed that baicalin act as a potential anti-inflammatory agent against MG infection in chicken cells and DF-1.

The tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in the fast growing chickens mainly caused by improper blood circulation. The exact mechanism underlying angiogenesis and vascularization in the growth plate of the tibia of broilers is still unclear. Therefore, this research attempts to study the genes involved in the regulation of angiogenesis in the chicken red blood cells. Twenty-four broiler chickens were allocated into control and thiram (Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide) group. Blood samples were taken on days 2, 6 (8- and 14-day old chicken) and 15 (23 day old chicken) .

Histopathology and hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) The results showed that decreasing angiogenesis on the 6th day of trial but began to recover on the 15th trial. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) results confirmed the expression of integrin alpha-v precursor (ITGAV) and Zebrafish Clia Kits precursor clusterin (CLU). Transcriptome analysis of sequencing evaluated 293 genes differentially expressed (degs), which 103 up-regulated genes and 190 genes down-regulated enriched in the path of neuroactive ligand interaction receptors, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), ribosomes, the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, adhesion focal, natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity and position signal path.